| | ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠠᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ | ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ 3300 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠳᠤᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠤᠷ | ᠴᠤᠬᠠᠭ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ᠄ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ | ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ 179 ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠯᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠤᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠩ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠴᠦᠯᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ 1975 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ | ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ 33 ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ① ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | | ᠶᠢᠩ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠴᠦᠯᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ᠄ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠤᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠡᠨ | ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠢᠩ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠴᠦᠯᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ︵1271︶ | ᠳᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠩ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᡁᠢ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢᠬᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠴᠦᠯᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠨᠲᠡᠮᠤᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠶᠢᠩ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ | ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠳᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠶᠤᠰᠢᠷᠢᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠩ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠢᠩ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠩ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠧᠩᠽᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠤ᠋ | ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠩ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ | ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠢᠮᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠴᠠᠢ᠃ | | | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠤᠳᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ᠄ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠤᠳᠤᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠤᠳᠤᠩ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ 1.5 ᠺᠢᠯᠦᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ 0.3 ᠺᠦᠸᠠᠳ᠋ ᠺᠢᠯᠦᠮᠧᠲᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠬᠦᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠩ ᠬᠦᠸᠧ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠦᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | | | ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠰᠬᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ᠄ ᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤᠬᠢ | ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ 1664 ᠤᠨ ︵ᠴᠢᠩ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠬᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠ | ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ︵1930︶ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠦᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | | | ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ᠄ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠡᠯᠢᠰᠴᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ︵ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡ 1161 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1198 ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠯᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 3500 ᠺᠢᠯᠦᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ | ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ 175 ᠺᠢᠯᠦᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠯᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | | | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠄ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ | ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠠᠰᠬᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠦᠩ ᠰᠢᠩ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠸᠠᠨ ᠾᠧ ᠶᠦᠩ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠧ ᠴᠧᠩ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 60 ᠺᠢᠯᠦᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠠ 9 ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ 48 ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠪᠠ | ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠬᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ᠂ | ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | | | ﹇ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ①﹈ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ | ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠫᠧᠩᠰᠠ ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠤᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠫᠧᠩᠰᠠ | ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠤᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩ ᠯᠦᠩ | ᠸᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ 700 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | |