| ᠺᠤᠮᠫᠢᠤᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ 1960 ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ARPANET ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ | ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ | ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠳ ᠢ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡᠲᠡᠢ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠂ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠭᠢ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ | ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ 43000 | ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 3864000 ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ᠂ 28900000 ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ Download ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ Up- load ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠩᠬᠤᠸᠠ᠂ ᠲᠧᠯᠸᠢᠰ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ | ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ | ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠶᠡ᠂ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ | ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠣᠯᠣᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ | ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠯᠠ | ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ᠂ ᠥᠨᠥᠳᠥᠷ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ | ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 1990 ᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ | ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 15% ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 400 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠥᠨᠥᠳᠥᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ | ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ᠂ 3.5 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ | ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ 10 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ︵ | 35 ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ︶᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ︵67%︶᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︵55%︶᠂ | ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠰᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠴᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ᠃ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠠᠴᠠ 43 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ︵1969 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ︶᠂ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠢ ARPANET ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ 4 ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠵᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ | ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 1974 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 62 ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1983 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠭ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤᠯ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ︵Milnet︶᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ | ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ︵ᠬᠠᠰᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ᠌︶ | | ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠡᠲ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠳ | | edu ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ | com ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ v ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ | mil ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ | net ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨᠠ org ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ | ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨᠠ | ca ᠺᠠᠨᠠᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | au ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲᠷᠠᠯᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ | uk ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ | de ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠢ | jp ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ | mn ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ | ru ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ | cn ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ | |