| | | | | 1888 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ︵ | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ︶ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ | ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠴᠡᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1926 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠦᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠽᠦᠸᠧ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ | ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡ᠂ ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠳᠢᠷ ᠡᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ | ᠮᠦᠩᠬᠦ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | 1929 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ | ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ︽ᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠴᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠮᠤᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | 1926 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ︽ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠠ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠄ ︽ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠲᠠ | ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠤᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠭᠰᠭᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠦᠲᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ | ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯᠳᠤᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠵᠠᠪ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠤᠳᠬᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ᠂ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠬᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ | ᠪᠠ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | 1934 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠵᠠᠪ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1941 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ | ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ︽ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ | ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠵᠠᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ | ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠦᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠵᠠᠪ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠤᠴᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨᠠ ᠮᠦᠩᠬᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠳᠤᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ︕ | | | ※ ᠰ᠊ · ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠴᠤ᠋ · ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠ | | |